BIBLE ARCHAEOLOGY:CITIES - Nazareth     BIBLE ARCHITECTURE - what Joseph built

            JOSEPH

  PEOPLE IN THE STORY

  FAMOUS QUOTES

  BIBLE REFERENCE

  INTERESTING SITES

  ACTIVITIES/QUESTIONS

A QUIET MAN IN A REMOTE VILLAGE
Joseph was a young Jewish man with an extraordinary destiny. He lived in 1st century Palestine and was engaged to marry a girl called Mary. Nothing could have been more normal. They had known each other since childhood, and the matter was arranged in the traditional way by their parents. Both of them were happy with the arrangement, and expected to have an ordinary, pleasant life. 

Joseph was a builder by trade, which meant he often had to travel to get jobs, but there was plenty of work at the time. King Herod, one of the greatest builders of the ancient world, had built or redesigned many of the cities in his kingdom, so life for people in the building trade was exceptionally good.

MARY IS PREGNANT - BUT NOT TO JOSEPH
But something unexpected happened. Mary became pregnant, and there seemed no obvious explanation. She was a virtuous girl without any previous hint of scandal, so Joseph was perplexed. There must be a father, but he knew it wasn't him. He couldn't marry her of course - the honor of his family was at stake, but he decided to dismiss her as quietly and decently as he could.

Then he had an odd experience, something like a dream that settled on his mind and wouldn't go away. The dream told him to ignore common sense and marry her anyway, despite the pregnancy. God was acting through this obscure young woman, unlikely as that seemed, and Joseph was to look after her.

JOSEPH MARRIES MARY
So that was what he did. He married her, despite the outraged objections of his family, and took her into his home.  But they did not have sex as any other newly married couple would have done. Something about the dream made Joseph keep his distance.

THE BABY IS BORN
Some months later the baby was born, not at home as Joseph would have wished but in Bethlehem, a little village some miles from Jerusalem. The baby was a boy, and a healthy one, and they called him Jesus. 

Several odd things had happened around the time of the baby's birth. Three scholars from the eastern province of Syria had appeared and offered Joseph gifts for his son - quite expensive ones at that. Joseph had been perplexed, but he had enough good common sense to accept the gifts gratefully.

Then he had another of those dreams. He became obsessed with the idea that something dreadful was about to happen, and that he had to flee - somewhere far, far away. He tried to reason with himself, but he couldn't shake it off. Mary seemed to take the whole thing in her stride. She apparently believed in dreams too, and suggested they go, and go quickly. To Egypt, no less. So instead of heading home they turned south instead, on the King's Highway with all the other travelers, and moved down into Egypt.

THE MASSACRE OF THE INNOCENTS
Not long after they left the little village, so they heard, there was some sort of dreadful massacre by Herod's soldiers. The brutes had come by night and without warning killed many of the Bethlehem people, particularly the children, for no apparent reason. The killing itself did not surprise Joseph - Herod had a record of insane violence - he had strangled his own wife and sons. But why Bethlehem? It was just an obscure village of no great importance except in ancient stories.

'Something unexpected happened. Mary became pregnant, and there seemed no obvious explanation. She was a virtuous girl without any previous hint of scandal, so Joseph was perplexed. There must be a father, but he knew it wasn't him.' 

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The massacre spooked Joseph - they had barely missed being killed themselves - and he decided to stay in Egypt for awhile. But eventually Herod died and Joseph figured it was safe to go back. He didn't like what he heard about Archelaus, Herod's son who now ruled in Judea, so he headed north to Galilee, where it might be safer. They settled in the town of Nazareth. There was a good Jewish community there, traditional, and that appealed to Joseph's conservative nature. But there was also plenty of work nearby in the town of Sepphoris. It had been largely destroyed in a rebellion a few years back, and was now being rebuilt. 

THE JOURNEY TO JERUSALEM
Joseph had named the boy as his own son, and when it came time for the ceremony of manhood, when Jesus  ceased being a child and legally became a man, Joseph took him and Mary to Jerusalem for the ceremony. It was a long journey, but he and Mary had made it many times before and Joseph did not expect any trouble this time.

It was Passover time and the city was crowded, so while they were there Joseph made sure everybody stayed together and did not wander off. It would be terribly easy to get lost in that crowd of people. But everything went smoothly and Joseph congratulated himself on a successful visit as they moved off from the city and set out towards Nazareth.

THE BOY IS LOST
He traveled in the men's group of course - men and women traveled separately. He couldn't see Jesus, but then he was probably still walking along with the women and children, as he always had done. At the end of the day when the men's group joined forces with the women and children, he expected to see Jesus. Not so. The boy was nowhere in sight. 'Where is he', he asked Mary. 'I thought he was with you', she responded. 'He's a man now, so I thought he'd be with the men.'

They hunted for him high and low, without any luck. At first light the next morning they headed back to Jerusalem, frantic with worry. A young boy, they thought, alone somewhere in that crowd of strangers. They searched in all the places they'd been, asking all the people they'd had dealings with, but there was nothing, no sign of him. The first day, then a second, terrified, searching, asking, looking. Nothing. Then on the third day Joseph decided to search again in the Temple, in the Men's Court. And there he was, Jesus, sitting calmly with a group of scholars talking to them. 

Joseph rushed up to him and grabbed him. 'Where have you been? Where have you been?' He took the boy and dragged him out into the Women's Court where Mary was. ' I've found him' he said. And the boy didn't even seem ruffled. 'Didn't you know I'd be here?' he asked.

Joseph gave the lad a good talking to, then gathered together his little family and headed home, back to Nazareth, back to safety. Now, he thought, with any luck he and Mary and their son could settle down to a quiet, uneventful life.

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BIBLE REFERENCE
Matthew 1-2, Luke 1:27; 2

PEOPLE IN THE STORY
Joseph, a young builder in 1st century Palestine, the legal though not biological father of Jesus.
Mary, his wife, and mother of the boy Jesus.
Jesus, Joseph's adopted son
Herod the Great, instigator of the Massacre of the Innocents

FAMOUS QUOTES
'The virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and they shall name him Emmanuel.' (Matthew 1:23)
'Get up, take the child an his mother, and flee to Egypt....' (2:13)

INTERESTING WEBSITES - stories, pictures, information

Living in a village like Nazareth
BIBLE ARCHITECTURE: HOUSING

Archaeology shows the type of work men did
BIBLE ARCHAEOLOGY: WORK

Nazareth and Sepphoris, the village and nearby city that Joseph knew
BIBLE ARCHAEOLOGY: CITIES

Mary's dilemma after the Annunciation
BIBLE TOP TEN YOUNG PEOPLE

Mary and Joseph in modern films
BIBLE TOP TEN FILMS

A short version of Mary's story
BIBLE PEOPLE: MARY

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ACTIVITIES AND FOCUS QUESTIONS

In depth study of one person's story
Choose one of the people whose stories are told on this site and develop a PowerPoint presentation about them.
The presentation must be at least 10 slides long and should include 
 *  a supporting image/picture/painting of each person 
 *  a map of Israel showing the cities and areas where the story took place.  
You may call up other websites to support your ideas.

In your presentation (approximately 10 minutes), answer the following questions:

1. What are the main events of the person's life? Tell the story.

2. What were their main qualities? What made them stand out from the crowd?

3. What obstacles did they face? Did they overcome them, or go with the flow? Explain.

4. How did they use their abilities to do God’s work?  

5. Which part of their story appeals to you most? Why?

You must include three short quotations from the gospel texts to illustrate the points you are making. 

Illuminated Manuscript
Imagine that you are a medieval monk, working in a rather chilly scriptorium to produce a medieval manuscript page about Joseph of Nazareth. 
Create a page with three main sections: 
a) a short extract from Matthew's gospel which tells the story of Joseph in some detail
b) an ornate initial letter for the Bible passage 
c) an image of Joseph, either alone, with the angel, or with Jesus and Mary  

Focus Questions
1. What are the most interesting moments in Joseph's story? 
2. In the story, who speaks and who listens? Who acts? Who gets what they want? If you were in the story, which person would you want to be friends with? Which person would you want to avoid?
3. What is God's interaction with the main characters? What does this tell you about the narrator's image of God? Do you agree with this image?
4. What is happening on either side of the story, in the chapters before and after it? Does this help you understand what is happening?
5. The narrator/editor has chosen to tell some things and leave other things out. What has been left out of the story that you would like to know?
6. Are the characteristics and actions of the people in the story still present in the world? How is the story relevant to modern life, especially your own? 

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Bible Stories: People of the New Testament - Bible Study Resource: Joseph, foster father of Jesus